Allyl hexanoate (allyl caproate, 2-propenyl hexanoate) is a colourless to pale yellow liquid flavour with a strong pineapple aroma. It is used not only for food applications (spices, tobacco flavours, pineapple and other fruit flavours), but it is also an ingredient of some lipstick perfumes and it can be used to add that juicy note to citrus flavours.
The most common production method is esterification of hexanoic acid and allyl alcohol in catalysis of sulfuric acid; the obtained esters are then neutralized, washed and distilled to obtain the finished compound.
Allyl heptanoate (2-Propenyl Heptanoate) has a fruity-pineapple, banana odour with mango and honey notes. It is widely used in tropical fruit composition; for perfumery applications the recommended usage level is up to 2%.
It is manufactured by direct esterification of allyl alcohol with heptanoic acid.
The pineapple aroma
In the past, we have seen the price of menthol going up to 4 times more during the shortage. India farmers have been working on improving plant quality and planting techniques to guarantee a stable mint supply.
Meanwhile, Symrise, Takasago, BASF are engaged in synthetic menthol production, which partially released the market pressure of Indian natural menthol.
The price of natural menthol has remained between USD15-USD20 from 2019 until now. In the last 3 months, India’s mint oil market was relatively quiet, according to MCX information. The peak happened in January 2021 and the price of mint oil was over Rps 1025/kg, which was probably influenced by the end of a new crop distillation in a certain area. Nowadays it declined to Rps 950/kg.
In the next 2 months, most areas in India will have their harvest. In the meanwhile, at the beginning of this year the „Mint Manufacturers and Exporters Association“ has been founded to deal with the frozen period of the market. In order to act wise, it would be crucial to keep on monitoring the market in the coming months.
Flavour ingredient | Wt % | ECSA’S MP code |
10.83 | ||
10.69 | ||
ALLYL CYCLOHEXYL PROPIONATE | 4.72 | / |
1% ETHYL 3-METHYLTHIOPROPIONATE | 0.15 | / |
1% METHYL 3-METHYLTHIOPROPIONATE | 0.17 | / |
0.29 | ||
0.31 | ||
ISOAMYL BUTYRATE | 0.79 | / |
0.14 | ||
8.7 | ||
0.75 | ||
0.02 | ||
0.63 | ||
0.64 | ||
1.57 | ||
1.82 | ||
0.26 | ||
0.13 | ||
ETHYL HEPTANOATE | 0.67 | MP 000936 |
γ-VALEROLACTONE | 0.23 | / |
γ-HEXALACTONE | 0.21 | / |
γ-HEPTALACTONE | 0.01 | / |
0.01 | ||
1% METHIONAL | 0.01 | / |
PINEAPPLE BASE | 2.5 | / |
ETHANOL | 40.7 | Available only for Swiss customers |
13.05 | ||
TOTAL | 100 |
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Source: Food Science and Technology, „A pineapple flavor imitation by the note method“, Guangyong ZHU1, Genfa YU, ISSN 1678-457X (Online), Oct-Dec 2020
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